Can religion and science ever get along?

There is a surprising number of people in this country who are more than a little skeptical of human evolution. And I’m not talking about hardcore Christians and Muslims. I’m talking about people who identify themselves as Buddhists. There are people I know (that happen to be Buddhist) who can’t seem to wrap their heads around the idea that “humans came from monkeys!? (O RLY?)”

LOLyeah!

Isn’t that just bizarre?

And here I thought Buddhists were the least resistant to the “theory” of evolution; but turns out that that’s not the case at all.

This is, by no means, to say that Buddhists are more intelligent than followers of any other religion. If the Buddha had ever said anything counter to our modern understanding of the universe, most Buddhists, I’m sure, would have accepted it wholeheartedly and unquestioningly. But fortunately, that was a topic He wisely avoided – with good reason.

Anyway, one Buddhist told me that, if we had indeed evolved from an ape-like common ancestor, he couldn’t fathom how we developed something as immensely complex as speech – humans being the only known species with this seemingly unique ability. Another one said, “if humans really did evolve from chimpanzees or any other kind of monkey, how come those guys are still around?” (This is actually one of the most widely used “arguments” by evolution-deniers – a special favourite among the religious fundamentalists).

A Christian friend went as far as to say that the theory of evolution was something that “someone who had stranded himself on some dodgy Caribbean island because he had nothing better to do” had come up with. (No, I don’t think he was drunk when he said that).

I don’t get it.

A staggering 99.9% of the scientific community accepts evolution as scientific fact; it’s taught in most schools as solid science; it makes perfect sense when you actually think about it; and yet, there are so many people out there who will never buy it. I find that utterly disconcerting (and mildly fascinating).

This is, of course, not to say that science must never be questioned. That would make science no different from organised religion. After all, science is something that needs to be open to change and constant reexamination. But the problem here is that there is so much evidence to support evolution, and we see its results all around us – everyday.

I can understand that, for a faithful few who wish to take the Bible literally, the very idea of evolution amounts to heresy – which is fine. But what about the other, more ordinary, everyday kind of people (Christians included) that are otherwise quite intelligent and will refuse to believe things without solid proof, who won’t accept something as plausible and believable as evolution? Why do they insist that there is no way that man just didn’t suddenly pop into existence, when there is so much evidence to the contrary?

More importantly, why do they feel that by being open to something as “radical” as evolution, they’re (oh, no!) questioning their faith. Must an acceptance of evolution really affect your faith and your belief in God? Must scientific worldview and religious worldview always be in conflict? Is there absolutely no way that they can coexist, peacefully, at least in a person’s head?

I need answers, dammit!

Advertisement

20 Responses to Can religion and science ever get along?

  1. purpleboxers October 20, 2010 at 7:06 pm

    I kinda saw this coming. But anyway, I think I made my point on that note. Regarding your last paragraph – “Must an acceptance of evolution really affect your faith and your belief in God?” – it does affect faith, because scripture and the ecclesiastical teach you that God created man in the form he now is. So accepting otherwise, signifies you not believing in what God has revealed to you.

    • Himal Kotelawala October 21, 2010 at 2:42 am

      But that’s only if you take the Old Testament literally, no? Aren’t you open to the possibility that it could’ve been an allegory of some sorts? Maybe it was written in a way the people back then could understand it easily? And even though it’s supposed to be God’s word, it was actually written by men, wasn’t it? In my humble opinion, you can refuse to accept everything in scripture unquestioningly, and still retain your belief in God.

  2. Chavie October 21, 2010 at 1:23 am

    Oh Buddhists have this whacky ‘we descended from heaven’ scene going on too. I don’t know if it’s a widely accepted thing in the Theravada community though. And the Buddha did speak about the Universe and how we came into being, I think in the Agganna sutta. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_evolution

    • Himal Kotelawala October 21, 2010 at 2:37 am

      That actually makes a lot of sense. I’ve read it before. Like the article says, the Buddha was essentially talking about the Big Bang and the impending Big Crunch. Personally, though, the so called Big Chill, where the whole universe expands to infinity and eventually freezes up completely, is the more likely scenario.

      I wonder if these deva realms He speaks of could be explained using dimensions and the multiverse theory.

  3. stillthinkingtoomuch October 21, 2010 at 3:18 am

    Let’s just say intelligence and critical thinking don’t go hand in hand :P

    On a serious note, if we accept a scientific explanation for something, that’s perfectly fine. But wondering out loud why other people don’t accept it makes one just a passive-aggressive version of the religious fundamentalist, yes?

    If we want to enlighten someone, we must lay out the facts and appeal to their reason. If we want to persuade someone, we must forge an argument that appeals to their heart. Whichever one we do, we must let go of the notion that “everyone should agree with me!” or “everyone who doesn’t agree with us is in deep denial/stupid.” Truth and reality are subjective- even the Buddha knew that. :)

    • Himal Kotelawala October 21, 2010 at 3:35 am

      I never said everyone should agree with me. And I’m not trying to persuade anyone here. I’m just expressing my surprise at the fact that so many rational, smart people are skeptical of something as essentially simple as evolution.

      And mind you, this is the 21st century – not the middle ages. It’s important that people, especially kids, opt for a scientific understanding of the universe, and not discard it as ‘heresy’. And this is Sri Lanka, a relatively smarter nation than, say, the US.

  4. stillthinkingtoomuch October 21, 2010 at 4:46 am

    Why is it so important?There are plenty of things science can’t explain. It’s just our human tool for understanding the universe. We can all get along fine even if some people believe the earth is flat. It’s just when they fail to accommodate that the Earth just MIGHT be round, and get all emotional about it, that we get people bombing each other.

    I think, rather than actual scientific theory, which goes out of date pretty fast, science is important in that it teaches critical thinking skills. And critical thinking is awesome because it teaches people to separate the facts from their emotions( and from what everybody and their dog thinks is true) and form their own opinions without judging others. And therefore we don’t get extremist nutcases trying to get everyone to behave the way they want. (Including some people who “just wonder”… :P :P )

    Peace.

  5. dee October 21, 2010 at 7:07 am

    there were some questions the buddha didn’t answer, like how long does this universe go on for. its just no point..just inifiti and beyond and we don’t know why. but if we say , decide to develop our own minds and get out of samskara, that’s worth it. but he did say there were galaxies that look like the wheels of vehicles in those days ect. likewise, he said change is a constant, so i guess that answered the questions of evolution. we changed. and we are changing, constantly.

    • Himal Kotelawala October 21, 2010 at 7:18 am

      Agreed. My point is that, had he said something completely different – like, I dunno, humans came from another planet in a distant galaxy or something (à la Scientology), most lay Buddhists today would buy it completely.

  6. Prasad Mapatuna October 25, 2010 at 11:11 pm

    Good to see more Sri Lankan hands defending theory of evolution. If you have Sinhala Unicode installed, you may be able to have a peek at my own attempt here:

    http://www.secularsrilanka.com/discussions/prasad-s-rants/understanding-evolution

    පලමුව අවබෝධ කලයුතු සත්‍යය නම් විද්‍යාව තුල ඇත්තේ “සත්‍යයන්” නොව “මොඩලයන්” බවයි. විද්‍යාවෙ “දැණුම” සාපෙක්ෂ දනුමකි. විද්‍යාවෙ ඇති මොඩලයන් එම මොඩලය ඉදිරිපත් කල පුද්ගලයාගෙ සංස්කෘතියට සාපෙක්ෂ වේ. මේක වටහාගැනීම්ට සිංහලෙන් ලියවී ඇති මා දන්නා හොඳ පොතක් ඇත. ඒ නලින් ද සිල්වා ඇදුරු තුමා ලියූ “මගේ ලෝකය”. හැබැයි ඔබ නලින් ද සිල්වා ඇදුරුතුමා ලියූ පොත් කියවීම ‘මගේ ලෝකයෙන්’ නතරකරනවා නම් හොඳයි. ඒ එතුමා ඉන්පසු දර්ශනය සහ දේශපාලනය කලවම් කොට සෑදු ‘චින්තනය’ තුල ‘විද්‍යාව’ සාධාරන සාකච්ඡාවකට ලක් නොවීම නිසාය.

    විද්‍යාත්මක මොඩල තෙරුම් ගැනීමේදී පහත ඇති සරල නමුත් ඉතා වැදගත් සංකල්පය තෙරුම් ගත යුතුයි. පොල්ගෙඩිය කඩා අතහැරිය විට එය බිමට වැටෙන්නෙ ‘ගුරුත්වාකර්ශනය’ නිසාද? නැත! පොල්ගෙඩිය ඇතුලු ඕනෑම කෙංගෙඩියක් අතහැරිය විට බිමට වැටෙන නිසාය. ‘ගුරුත්වාකර්ශනය’ යනු මේ සංසිද්ධිය විස්තර කිරීමට තනාගත් විද්‍යාත්මක මොඩලයයි. ගුරුත්වාකර්ශනය නිසා පොල්ගෙඩි බිමට නොවැටේ. පොල්ගෙඩි බිමට වැටෙන නිසා ගුරුත්වාකර්ශනය මොඩලය විද්‍යාව තුල බිහිවේ.

    ජීවීන්ගේ සම්භවය, වරණය, අලුත් ජීවින් ඇතිවීම සිදුවන්නෙ ‘පරිණාමවාදය’ නිසාද? නැත! පොල්ගෙඩිය බිමට වැටෙනවා බලා සිටිනවා මෙන් ගෙදර හාන්සිපුටුවේ සිට නිරීක්ෂනය කල නොහැකි වුවද, ක්ෂෙත්‍රය තුල දැනට පවතින සාධක අනුව ජීවීන්ගේ සම්භවය, වරණය, අලුත් ජීවින් ඇතිවීම වැනි ක්‍රියාවලියක් මිහිමත සිදුවී ඇත. ‘පරිණාමවාදය’ යනු එම අපූරු සංසිද්දිය විස්තර කිරීමට විද්‍යාව තනාගත් මොඩලයයි. ඩාවින් මෙම මොඩලය ඉදිරිපත් කල අතර, බොහෝ දෙනෙක් ඉන්පසු එය වැඩිඩියුනු කොට මටසිලිටු කලහ.

    “මම පරිණාමවාදය පිලිගන්නේ නැත” යන ප්‍රකාශය ඔබ කලොත්, ඔබ ඇත්තටම කියන්න උත්සාහ කරන්නෙ මොකක්ද කියා තවදුරටත් ප්‍රශ්නකිරීමට සිදුවේ. ඔබ පිලිනොගන්නේ ජීවීන්ගේ සම්භවය, වරණය, අලුත් ජීවින් ඇතිවීම වැනි ක්‍රියාවලියක් මිහිමත සිදුවී ඇති බවට ඇති සාධකද?

    • Himal Kotelawala October 25, 2010 at 11:50 pm

      Thanks for stopping by, Prasad. I’ve been following your blog/movement for some time now. I like how you’re not afraid to openly share your views with regard to organised religion – an extremely sensitive topic to most people. You’ve raised an interesting point with this comment of yours, particularly with the last paragraph. It is true that when you reject evolution, you’re basically rejecting the natural order of things – or progress, even. Well said.

  7. Prasad Mapatuna October 26, 2010 at 12:04 am

    Good to hear that some actually read my rants. I found your blog only today, and found it fascinating, and sure will drop by once in a while. BTW I guess most people will not read through my long rant (to which the link was given) in its entirety. Therefore allow me to copy past the next few paras from of what I quoted above….hope you don’t mind.

    “මම පරිණාමවාදය පිලිගන්නේ නැත” යන ප්‍රකාශය ඔබ කලොත්, ඔබ ඇත්තටම කියන්න උත්සාහ කරන්නෙ මොකක්ද කියා තවදුරටත් ප්‍රශ්නකිරීමට සිදුවේ. ඔබ පිලිනොගන්නේ ජීවීන්ගේ සම්භවය, වරණය, අලුත් ජීවින් ඇතිවීම වැනි ක්‍රියාවලියක් මිහිමත සිදුවී ඇති බවට ඇති සාධකද? එසේ නොමැතිනම් එම ක්‍රියාවලිය විස්තර කිරීමට ඩාවින් තනාගත් මොඩලයද? ඔබගේ ප්‍රකාශය පහත ඇති සමාන ප්‍රකාශ සමග සසඳා බලන්න.

    (a) මම පොල්ගෙඩි අතහැරිය බිම වැටෙන බව විශ්වාස නොකරමි
    (b) පොල්ගෙඩි බිමවැටේ. නැමුත් එය නිව්ටන්ගෙ ගුරුත්වාකර්ශන මොඩලයෙන් හරියට විස්තර නොකෙරේ.

    ඇල්බර්ට් අයින්ස්ටයින් යනු (b) ප්‍රකාශය කල කෙනෙකි. ඔහු පොල්ගෙඩි බිම වැටෙන බව පිලිගත්තේය, නමුත් බුද ග්‍රහයාගේ අමුතු කක්ෂය නිව්ටන්ගේ මොඩලයෙන් විස්තර නොවන බවත් දැනසිටියේය. ඔහු අලුත්ම මොඩලයක් ඉදිරිපත් කලේය. එම මොඩලයෙන් බුද ග්‍රහයාගෙ අමුතු කක්ෂය පමනක් නොව, මයිකල්සන් සහ මොරෙලි පරීක්ෂනය විසින් පෙන්වාදුන් “ආලෝකයෙ සාපෙක්ෂ ප්‍රවේගය නිරීක්ෂකයාගෙ ප්‍රවේගයෙන් ස්වයායත්ත වනබව” (මෙය නිව්ටන් මොඩලය තුලදී උභතෝකොටික ප්‍රශ්නයකි) ද විස්තර කලේය.

    අයිසැක් නිව්ටන් ගේ ශ්‍රාස්ත්‍රීය භෞතික මොඩලයෙන් (classical mechanics) බුද ග්‍රහයාගෙ කක්ෂය, මයිකල්සන්-මොරෙලි පරීක්ෂනයෙ ප්‍රතිපල, වැනි දෑ විස්තරකල නොහැකි විය[2]. එපරිද්දෙන්ම, ජීවින්ගෙ ඉතිහාසය පිලිබඳ අප දන්නා සමහර දේ චාර්ල්ස් ඩාවින්ගේ පරිණාමවාදී මොඩලයෙන් හරියාකාරව විස්තර නොවේ. මෙයින් ඩාවින් මොඩලය “බොරු” නොවේ. එහි නිරවද්‍යතාවය (accuracy) ජීවයේ සම්භවය සම්බන්ද අපි දන්නා සියලු දේ විස්තර කිරීමට ප්‍රමානවත් නොවන බව පමනක් කියවේ. විද්‍යාව තුල “ඇත්ත/බොරු” නැත. එහි ඇත්තේ නිරවද්‍යතාවය පිලිබඳ continuum එකක් පමනි. මෙම නිර්වද්‍යතා පරාසය (continuum of accuracy) තුල ඩාවින් මොඩලය ඉතා ඉහල තලයක තිබෙන බව පමනක් අපිට කිවහැක.

    • Himal Kotelawala October 26, 2010 at 2:07 am

      I don’t mind at all. Please feel free to share anything you like, :)

      Some evolution deniers love to point out how evolution is “wrong” simply because, like you said, some of Darwin’s theories don’t seem to explain it satisfactorily enough – to them, at least. But what they fail to see is that science, too, is something that has to evolve with time – as should religion and culture and everything else.

  8. Dharmapala Senaratne October 26, 2010 at 3:42 pm

    Hi Himal,
    Science does in fact evolve, as anybody can observe. Obviously, religious dogma does not. It remains static.Thats the truth tragic though it is..

    • Himal Kotelawala October 26, 2010 at 4:02 pm

      Hi, Dharmapala,

      While it is true that dogma itself doesn’t (and probably shouldn’t) change, it is important those who follow said dogma become more open to change in dogmatic thinking – while still keeping their faith alive. I realise that that sounds contradictory, but you can’t talk religion without contradicting yourself. Sooner or later, you’re bound to end up disagreeing with yourself – if that makes sense.

  9. PravNJ May 11, 2011 at 3:50 pm

    @Prasad @Dharmapala the whole gang is here!

    Evolution is a fact. Not a theory. Most people think that evolution (“gradual change in phenotype”) is synonymous with the theory of Darwinian Natural Selection. Evolution has been demonstrated by humans (artificial selection) for centuries. We bred dogs from wolves, we create new types of roses and orchids everyday and we created crops like rice wheat and maize from certain species of grass.

    Gregor Mendel was able to demonstrate this phenotypic change by choosing pea plants that have short lifespans (so that he may observe many generations over a relatively short period of time) and thus established evolution as an observable fact. He hinted that there could be some kind of driving mechanism behind this phenotypic change (which we now call the geneotype) but came short since DNA was yet to be discovered and its structure unlocked by Crick and Watson.

    Darwin was quite aware of these developments and hypothesized that nature could play the same role that man played in breeding wolves and pea plants (a “natural” selection as opposed to an “artificial selection”). If anything this theory should support the claims of the intelligent design camp (nature ensures that species evolve, and nature = the creator, could be their central thesis – but no they are too asinine for this kind of simple logic). One could argue that Darwin was essentially motivated by human tinkering of species and wanted to know if nature could do it and whether it has been doing it all along. The ID camp is woefully uninformed with regard to how evolution (the fact) connects with natural selection (the theory).

    At first glance the ID camp seems to fall into several categories (deniers of evolution deniers of natural selection etc) but when you confront them with the facts they push themselves into a corner and go so far as to claim that evolution (the fact) is a lie!

    Current research indicates that evolution (changes in phenotype), natural selection, DNA and the field of genetics are intimately linked. This is why we are able to come up with things like genetically modified food and new types of crops by tinkering at the genetic level and lets not forget cloning – quite routine these days. We seem to understand the mechanics of genetic manipulation and its phenotypic effects (to some degree). Push the ID camp and they will tell you that the fact of evolution is a myth and is a blatant lie. What they don’t realize is that by making this claim they ipso facto deny the existence of dogs, pets, livestock, new types of crops, new types of drugs based on genetic research, rice, maize, wheat, corn the list goes on and on. Man has been tinkering with nature for ages and will continue to do so with its newfound knowledge of how the genotype functions. Denying one fact (evolution) or the validity of a theory (natural selection) means that you deny the existence of DNA and how information is propagated from one generation to another thus effectively denying “artificial selection” and what humans have been doing routinely for thousands of years. The whole thing is one big tapestry linked together. It is not a haphazard collection of rags sitting on the floor. Sure we patch the quilt every now and then and sew in new pieces of fabric but thats science for you!

  10. Pingback: Denial – A reply to a creationist « Religurd

Leave a Reply

Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:

WordPress.com Logo

You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Log Out / Change )

Twitter picture

You are commenting using your Twitter account. Log Out / Change )

Facebook photo

You are commenting using your Facebook account. Log Out / Change )

Connecting to %s

Follow

Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.